The demand for reparations is as old as emancipation itself; however, the states that trafficked in slavery are not eager to apologize for slavery, much less compensate descendants of enslaved people or governments, considering that Britain borrowed a large sum to compensate former slave owners for the loss of their “property”.

Islamic architectural history mostly focuses on mosques with grand architecture built by princely patrons or designed by well-known, typically male architects. The exceptional history of women’s mosques in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, provides an important yet missing narrative of Muslim women’s participation in Islamic public space.